How much liability insurance does a truck need?
Updated October 2026
If you haul for hire across state lines, federal rules set the minimum amount of liability insurance you must carry. The minimum depends on what you haul. Here are the main levels for property carriers and passenger carriers:
| Type of operation | Federal minimum |
|---|---|
| For-hire property carrier, general freight (trucks 10,001 lbs or more) | $750,000 |
| Oil, and hazardous materials not listed below | $1,000,000 |
| Certain hazardous materials, such as bulk hazardous substances in large tanks, some explosives, certain poison gases and highway-route-controlled radioactive materials | $5,000,000 |
| Passenger carrier, 15 or fewer passengers (including the driver) | $1,500,000 |
| Passenger carrier, 16 or more passengers (including the driver) | $5,000,000 |
The minimum usually isn't enough to get loads
Most brokers and shippers require $1,000,000 in auto liability, even though the federal minimum for general freight is $750,000. Many also want $100,000 in cargo coverage. Ask your broker's requirements before you buy a policy, so you don't have to change it later.
Hauling within one state
If you only haul within one state, your state sets the minimums, and they can be different from the federal levels. Check your state's rules.
Minimums are set in federal regulations (49 CFR Part 387) and can change. Confirm current requirements with the FMCSA or your agent.
Try it: Truck insurance coverage checker
Educational information only, not insurance advice. Talk with a licensed agent about your coverage.
